28 Proven Safety Countermeasures

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Speed Management

Speed Safety Cameras
	FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Speed Safety Cameras)
Variable Speed Limits
	FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Variable Speed Limits)
Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users
	Caltrans Resources California Manual for Setting Speed Limits (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users) Self-Enforcing Roadways: A Guidance Report (PDF) USLIMITS2 - A Tool to Aid Practitioners in Determining Appropriate Speed Limit Recommendations TRB Resources Posted Speed Limit Setting Procedure and Tool: User Guide

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Roadway Departure

Wider Edge Lines
	Caltrans Resources Implementation of Six-Inch Wide Traffic Lines (PDF available upon request) YouTube: 6-Inch Striping Enhances Safety (2017) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Wider Edge Lines) Other Agency Resources Idaho DOT - Safety Impacts of Using Wider Pavement Markings on Two-Lane Rural Highways in Idaho (PDF)
Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves
	Caltrans Resources TSB #20-01, Longitudinal Markings Policy (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves)
Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes
	Caltrans Resources Environmental Analysis, Mumble Strips TSB #20-07, Rumble Strip Guidelines (PDF) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes)
Tapered Edge
	Caltrans Resources Implementation of Pavement Safety Edge (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (SafetyEdge™)
Roadside Design Improvement at Curves
	Caltrans Resources MASH Implementation Traffic Safety Systems Guidance (PDF) FHWA Resources Horizontal Curve Safety PSC Overview (Roadside Design Improvement at Curves) Roadway Departure Safety
Median Barrier
	Caltrans Resources Installation of Barrier on Two- or Three-Lane Facilities (Deputy Directive DD-50) (PDF available upon request) Traffic Safety Systems Guidance (PDF) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Median Barrier) TRB Resources Performance of Longitudinal Barriers on Curved, Superelevated Roadway Sections

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Intersections

Backplates with Retroreflective Borders
	Caltrans Resources TSB #20-05, Yellow Retroreflective Border at Traffic Signal Head (PDF available upon request) YouTube: Reflective Backplates for Traffic Signals (2021) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Backplates with Retroreflective Borders)
Corridor Access Management
	FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Corridor Access Management) Intersection Safety, Corridor Access Management Other Agency Resources Minnesota DOT -Access Management Strategies and Resources TRB Resources Access Management Application Guidelines Design and Access Management Guidelines for Truck Routes: Planning and Design Guide
Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections
	FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections) Safety Effectiveness of Intersection Left- and Right-Turn Lanes (PDF)
Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections
	Caltrans Resources Intersection Safety and Operational Assessment Process FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections) Intersection Safety: Reduced Left-Turn conflict Intersections Median U-Turn Intersection: Information Guide Mid-America Transportation Center Resources Evaluation of J-Turn Intersection Design Performance (PDF) Other Agency Resources Minnesota DOT - Decreased Conflict Intersections North Dakota DOT - Reduced Conflict Intersections TRB Resources Unsignalized Full Median Openings in Close Proximity to Signalized Intersections
Roundabouts
	Caltrans Resources A Step-by-Step Guide to Driving a Multi-Lane Roundabout (English) \| (Spanish) (PDF) Complete Intersections Guide (PDF) Intersection Safety and Operational Assessment Process Modern Roundabouts for Large Trucks and Oversize/Overweight Vehicles (English) \| (Spanish) (PDF) Pedestrians' and Bicyclists' Use of Modern Roundabouts (English) \| (Spanish) (PDF) YouTube: Central Valley Roundabouts (2015) \| YouTube: How to Drive a Roundabout (2022) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Roundabouts) Intersection Safety: Roundabouts Other Agency Resources Alabama DOT - Roundabout Planning, Design, and Operations Manual (PDF) Kansas DOT - Accommodating Oversize / Overweight Vehicles at Roundabouts (PDF) Nevada DOT - Nevada Roundabout Implementation Guidelines (PDF) Texas DOT - Texas Roundabout Guidelines (PDF) Wisconsin DOT - Facilities Development Manual: Roundabouts (PDF) TRB Resources Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook Roundabouts: An Informational Guide
Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections
	Caltrans Resources Complete Intersections Guide (PDF) Pedestrian Accessibility Guidelines for Highway Projects (DIB #82.06) (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Stop-Controlled Intersections) Low-Cost Safety Enhancements for Stop-Controlled and Signalized Intersections (PDF) TRB Resources Developing a Guide for Quantitative Approaches to Systemic Safety Analysis Safety Effects of Low-Cost Systemic Safety Improvements at Signalized and Stop-Controlled Intersections
Yellow Change Intervals
	Caltrans Resources Minimum Yellow Light Change Interval (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Yellow Change Intervals) Signalized Intersection Informational Guide (Second Edition) (PDF)

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Pedestrian/Bicyclist

Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements
	Caltrans Resources Complete Intersections Guide (PDF) Complete Streets (Director's Policy DP-37) (PDF available upon request) Context Sensitive Solutions (Director's Policy DP-22) (PDF available upon request) Crosswalk Enhancement Policy (TOPD 12-03) (PDF available upon request) Enhanced Conspicuity on Sign Posts (J. Bhullar Memorandum, October 18, 2018) (PDF available upon request) Pedestrian Accessibility Guidelines for Highway Projects (DIB #82.06) (PDF) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements)
Bicycle Lanes
	Caltrans Resources Complete Streets (Director's Policy DP-37) (PDF available upon request) DIB 89-02 “Class IV Bikeway Guidance" (PDF) Pedestrian & Bicycle Safety FHWA Resources Bicycle and Pedestrian Program PSC Overview (Bicycle Lanes) Separated Bike Lane Planning and Design Guide
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons
	Caltrans Resources Complete Streets (Director's Policy DP-37) (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons)
Leading Pedestrian Interval
	FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Leading Pedestrian Interval) Safety Evaluation of Protected Left-Turn Phasing and Leading Pedestrian Intervals on Pedestrian Safety
Medians and Pedestrian Crossing Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas
	Caltrans Resources Complete Intersections Guide (PDF) Complete Streets (Director's Policy DP-37) (PDF available upon request) Context Sensitive Solutions (Director's Policy DP-22) (PDF available upon request) Crosswalk Enhancement Policy (TOPD 12-03) (PDF available upon request) Enhanced Conspicuity on Sign Posts (J. Bhullar Memorandum, October 18, 2018) (PDF available upon request) In-Roadway Warning Lights at Crosswalks (TOPD 03-02) (PDF available upon request) Pedestrian Accessibility Guidelines for Highway Projects (DIB #82.06) (PDF) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Medians and Pedestrian Crossing Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas) Other Agency Resources Arkansas DOT - Action Plan for Implementing Pedestrian Crossing Countermeasures at Uncontrolled Locations (PDF)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons
	Caltrans Resources YouTube: HAWK Crosswalk Beacon, Highway 29 & 35 (2018) YouTube: HAWK Pedestrian Safety on State Route 35 (2014) YouTube: HAWK Pedestrian Crosswalk Signal, Oakdale (2017) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons) Evaluation of Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon Guide - Recommendations and Case Study (PDF) Other Agency Resources Alaska DOT - HAWK Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons Illinois Center for Transportation - Current Polices throughout the Nation (PDF) Wisconsin DOT - Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons
Road Diets (Roadway Reconfigurations)
	Caltrans Resources Complete Streets (Director's Policy DP-37) (PDF available upon request) Context Sensitive Solutions (Director's Policy DP-22) (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Road Diets) Road Diet Information Guide Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) Other Agency Resources Florida DOT - Lane Repurposing Guidebook (PDF)
Walkways
	Caltrans Resources Complete Streets (Director's Policy DP-37) (PDF available upon request) Context Sensitive Solutions (Director's Policy DP-22) (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Walkways)

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Crosscutting

Pavement Friction Management
	FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Pavement Friction Management) Other Agency Resources Florida DOT - High Friction Surface Treatment Guidelines (PDF) Minnesota DOT - High Friction Surface Treatments: Transportation Research Synthesis
Lighting
	AASHTO Resource Roadway Lighting Design Guide, 7^th Edition Caltrans Resources Complete Streets (Director's Policy DP-37) (PDF available upon request) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Lighting) Research Report: Street Lighting for Pedestrian Safety (PDF)
Local Road Safety Plans
	Caltrans Resources Local Road Safety Plan (LRSP) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Local Road Safety Plans) Local Road Safety Plans
Road Safety Audits
	Berkeley SafeTREC Resource Complete Streets Safety Assessments (CSSA) FHWA Resources PSC Overview (Road Safety Audits) Road Safety Audits

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Proven Safety Countermeasures

Contact Safety Programs

Statewide Campaigns

Statewide Campaigns

Statewide Campaigns

Statewide Campaigns